Wednesday, March 18, 2020

u.s justified in dropping atomic bomb Essays

u.s justified in dropping atomic bomb Essays u.s justified in dropping atomic bomb Essay u.s justified in dropping atomic bomb Essay Many people today could argue their side and reasons on why they think the United States was Justified in bombing Japan. But was Osama in Laden Justified in orchestrating 9/11? No one in their right mind would support the killing of innocent civilians on 9/1 1 on the basis of the argument that Osama Bin Laden and his cohort wanted to end the war between radical Islam and the U. S. So why is it acceptable for the U. S. to have incinerated tens of thousands of civilian men, women, children and babies to end the War, when there was a military alternative? The U. S. ould have ontinued the war against the Japanese armed forces instead of targeting Japanese civilians. If the Japanese civilians who were killed are not deemed to have been innocent because they may have supported the Imperialist Japanese Government, then neither was those who died in the World Trade Center or any Americans, because they support the U. S. Government! Yes, the Japanese did bomb the U. S first but didnt more than half of the America people tell them they werent right for doing it on pearl harbor ? So if their wrong, what makes it okay for the United States? The United states was mad because Japan came to their land and killed their innocent people and destroyed everything that they worked so hard to form, but now its suddenly not okay for Japan to be Just as upset? Its not even about who wanted the war to end and who was going to do what! Was killing thousands of innocent women, and children, really worth the satisfaction of being able to say you won? okay sure Japan did awful things, but America lowered themselves to a incredibly low level with this evil action. And were in no way right for their actions at all.

Monday, March 2, 2020

No, Oil Does Not Come From Dinosaurs

No, Oil Does Not Come From Dinosaurs In 1933, the Sinclair Oil Corporation sponsored a dinosaur exhibit at the Worlds Fair in Chicago on the premise that the worlds oil reserves were formed during the Mesozoic Era, when the dinosaurs lived. The exhibit was so popular that Sinclair promptly adopted a big, green brontosaurus (today wed call it an apatosaurus) as its official mascot. Even as late as 1964, when geologists and paleontologists were starting to know better, Sinclair repeated this trick at the much bigger New York Worlds Fair, driving home the connection between dinosaurs and oil to an entire generation of impressionable baby boomers. Today, Sinclair Oil has pretty much gone the way of the dinosaur itself (the company has been acquired, and its divisions spun off several times; there are still, however, a few thousand Sinclair Oil gas stations dotting the American midwest). The premise that oil originated from dinosaurs has been harder to shake, though. Politicians, journalists, and even occasional well-meaning scientists have repeated this myth. Which prompts the question, Where does oil really come from? Tiny Bacteria, Not Huge Dinosaurs, Formed Oil You may be surprised to learn that oil reserves were actually produced by microscopic bacteria, not house-sized dinosaurs. Single-celled bacteria evolved in the earths oceans about three billion years ago and were pretty much the only life form on the planet until about 600 million years ago. As tiny as these individual bacteria were, bacterial colonies, or mats, grew to truly massive proportions (were talking thousands, or even millions, of tons for an extended colony). Of course, individual bacteria dont live forever; their lifespans can be measured in days, hours, and sometimes even minutes. As the members of these massive colonies died off, they sank to the bottom of the sea and were gradually covered by accumulating sediment. Over millions of years, these layers of sediment grew heavier and heavier until the dead bacteria trapped below were cooked by the pressure and temperature into a stew of liquid hydrocarbons. This is the reason the worlds largest oil reserves are located thousands of feet underground and not readily available on the earths  surface in the form of lakes and rivers. When considering this, its important to try to grasp the concept of deep geologic time, a talent possessed by very few people. Try to wrap your mind around the enormity of the figures: bacteria and single-celled organisms were the dominant forms of life on earth for a whopping two and a half to three billion years, a virtually incomprehensible stretch of time when measured against human civilization, which is only about 10,000 years old, and even against the reign of the dinosaurs, which lasted only about 165 million years. Thats a lot of bacteria, a lot of time, and a lot of oil. Does Coal Come From Dinosaurs? In a way, its closer to the mark to say that coal, rather than oil, comes from dinosaurs- but its still dead wrong. Most of the worlds coal deposits were laid down during the Carboniferous period, about 300 million years ago- which was still a good  75 million or so years before the evolution of the first dinosaurs. During the Carboniferous period, the hot, humid earth was blanketed by dense jungles and forests; as the plants and trees in these forests and jungles died, they were buried beneath layers of sediment, and their unique, fibrous  chemical structure caused them to be cooked into solid coal rather than liquid oil. There is an important asterisk here, though. Its not inconceivable that some dinosaurs perished in conditions that lent themselves to the formation of fossil fuels- so, theoretically, a tiny proportion of the worlds oil, coal, and natural gas reserves could be attributed to rotting dinosaur carcasses. You just have to bear in mind that the contribution of dinosaurs to our fossil fuel reserves  is  orders of magnitude smaller than that of bacteria and plants. In terms of biomass- that is, the total weight of all the living organisms that have ever existed on earth- bacteria and plants are the true heavyweights; all other forms of life amount to mere rounding errors. Yes, Some Dinosaurs Are Discovered Near Oil Deposits Thats all well and good, you might think- but how do you account for all the dinosaurs (and other prehistoric vertebrates) that have been discovered by work crews searching for oil and natural gas deposits? For example, the well-preserved fossils of plesiosaurs, a family of marine reptiles, have been unearthed near Canadian oil deposits, and a meat-eating dinosaur accidentally discovered during a fossil-fuel drilling expedition in China has been given the well-deserved name gasosaurus. There are two ways to answer this question. First, the carcass of any animal that has been compressed into oil, coal, or natural gas wouldnt leave any identifiable fossil; it would be entirely converted into fuel, skeleton and all. And second, if the remains of a dinosaur happen to be discovered in the rocks adjoining or covering an oil or coal field, that simply means the unfortunate creature met its end hundreds of millions of years after that field was formed; the precise interval can be determined by the relative location of the fossil in the surrounding geologic sediments.